Dressed in a flowing long robe adorned with
beaded floral embroidery from a bygone era, stylist Xiao Hang looks like she
surfaced from a time machine as she strides across the bustling Beijing metro,
attracting curious glances and inquisitive questions.

China has embraced Western fashion and futuristic technology as its economy
boomed in recent decades, but a growing number of young people like Xiao are
looking to the past for their sartorial choices and donning traditional
“hanfu”, or “Han clothing”.

These historic costumes of the Han ethnic majority are enjoying a
renaissance in part because the government is promoting traditional culture in
a bid to boost patriotism and national identity.

Period dramas have also contributed to the surge in interest for
traditional Chinese garb — “The Story of Minglan”, a TV series set in the
Song Dynasty, garnered more than 400 million viewers in three days when it
debuted earlier this year.

There is no uniform definition of what counts as hanfu since each
Han-dominated dynasty had its own style, but the outfits are characterised by
loose, flowing robes that drape around the body, with sleeves that hang down
to the knees.

“When we were little, we would also drape sheets and duvets around
ourselves to pretend we were wearing beautiful clothes,” Xiao told AFP.
Xiao, who used to work at a state-owned machine manufacturing company, now
runs her own hanfu business, where she dresses customers for photo shoots and
even plans hanfu-style weddings.

Ancient style, new fashion

In modern China, the hanfu community spans the gamut: from history
enthusiasts to anime fans, to students and even young professionals.
Yang Jiaming, a high school student in Beijing, wears his outfit under his
school uniform.

“Two-thirds of my wardrobe is hanfu,” he said, decked out in a Tang-style
beige gown and black boots at a hanfu gathering, adding that his classmates
and teachers have been supportive of his style.

A government-supported revival in Chinese culture has given the hanfu
community a boost: since he entered office in 2012, President Xi Jinping has
supported the idea of promoting a Han-centric version of heritage.

In April, the Communist Youth League of China launched a two-day conference
for traditional Chinese garb, including hanfu.

A live broadcast of the event drew some 20 million viewers, alongside a
visceral outpouring of emotions.

“Chinese people have abandoned their own culture and chosen Western
culture. The red marriage gown has now become a wedding dress,” wrote on user
on Bilibili, a video streaming platform popular among young anime, comic and
gaming fans in China.

Clothes are the “foundation of culture,” said Jiang Xue, who is part of
Beijing-based hanfu club Mowutianxia, which has received funding from the
Communist Youth League.

“If we as a people and as a country do not even understand our traditional
clothing or don’t wear them, how can we talk about other essential parts of
our culture?” she said.

‘Strange clothes’

There is some way before the style reaches mainstream acceptance in China.
In March, two students in Shijiazhuang Medical College in northern China
were reportedly threatened with expulsion for wearing the outfits to school.
Others say they’re deterred by the odd looks they get when wearing hanfu in
public.

“I used to be very embarrassed to wear (hanfu) out,” screenwriter Cheng Xia
told AFP.

The 37-year-old said she overcame her reservations after going out dressed
in a full outfit last year.

Meanwhile, the movement to revive Han ethnic clothing is raising questions
about nationalism and Han-ethnocentrism — a sensitive issue in China where
the government is wary of any inter-ethnic conflict.

For instance, within the hanfu community, there is long-running opposition
towards the qipao, the high-collared, figure-hugging garment that used to be a
staple of women’s wardrobes.

Also known as cheongsam in Cantonese, the qipao — meaning “Qi robe” —
began as a long, loose dress worn by the Manchus or “Qi” people who ruled
China from the 17th century to the early 1900s.

Its popularity took off in 1920s Shanghai when it was modified into a
fitted must-have, favoured by actresses and intellectuals as a symbol of
femininity and refinement.

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“Some people… think that the cheongsam was inspired in the Qing Dynasty,
which is not enough to represent China. There are nationalist undertones in
this issue,” said Chinese culture scholar Gong Pengcheng.

“It is a good trend to explore traditional culture and clothing culture…
There are many things we can talk about, and we need not shrink to nationalist
confrontation.”

Yang, the high school student, is more upbeat.
He said: “At the very least, we can wear our own traditional clothes, just
like the ethnic minorities.”(AFP)

Photos: by Greg Baker / AFP